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Afghan–Sikh wars
The Afghan–Sikh wars were a series of wars between the Afghan invaders of India, the Durrani Empire, and the Sikh Empire. The conflict had its origins stemming from the days of the Sukerchakia Misl.
Prior to this war, a Sikh holocaust happened, which was the Sikh holocaust of 1762, which was the mass killing of Sikhs by the Durrani Empire, due to their leader Ahmad Shah Durrani. Also, the martyrdom of Baba Deep Singh led to these events. In 1757, Ahmad Shah Durrani came to loot India for a fourth time,〔Khushwant Singh, A History of the Sikhs, Volume I: 1469-1839, Delhi, Oxford University Press, 1978, pp. 144-45.〕 but he was so harassed by the bands of Sikh fighters, so he blew up the Golden Temple or Harmandir Sahib. Baba Deep Singh Ji, then set out to Harmandir Sahib, with a body of Sikhs, approximating to about 5000. Wielding his double edged sword, he fought. According to tradition, his head had been cut off and he wielded his head in one hand and his sword in the other, he wouldn't die until he hadn't returned control of Harmandir Sahib to the Sikhs 〔Khushwant Singh, A History of the Sikhs, Volume I: 1469-1839, Delhi, Oxford University Press, 1978, p. 145; K.S. Thapar, “Baba Dip Singh”, The Encyclopedia of Sikhism, Volume I, Patiala, Punjabi University, 1995, p. 588.〕
==Battle of Attock==
This war started with the Battle of Attock, also known as the Battle of Chuch or the Battle of Haidru, this was the first significant Sikh victory over the Durrani Empire. In the aftermath of this battle, Sikhs had seized the control of Attock District from the Durranis. After his defeat at Attock, Fateh Khan, the vizier of Kabul, fought off an attempt by Ali Shah, the ruler of Persia, and his son Ali Mirza to capture the Durrani province of Herat, which left their newly captured province of Kashmir open to attack.〔Cunningham 1918, p. 152〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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